Learmonth D J, Martindale J P, Rowles J M, Tait G R, Kirsh G, Sheppard I
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
Injury. 1991 May;22(3):207-11. doi: 10.1016/0020-1383(91)90042-d.
There were 83 survivors of the M1 aircrash admitted to hospital; of these, 28 patients sustained a total of 40 open fractures. These open fractures were classified as 19 grade 3, 16 grade 2 and five grade 1. There were six upper limb fractures and 34 lower limb fractures. A high proportion of grade 3 open fractures were identified in this series (47 per cent) and one-half of these occurred at or below the ankle. This reflected the high energy and direction of the forces involved in the aircrash. The early results in terms of the incidence of wound infection (15 per cent), delayed wound healing (7.5 per cent) and skin flap necrosis (7.5 per cent) were similar to other series. The controversy over whether to leave grade 3 wounds open or closed was not clarified by this study, but the closure of grade 3 wounds after internal fixation is to be avoided. This study emphasizes the need for provision of adequate specialist manpower, equipment and resources to manage the unexpected major disaster successfully.
有83名M1空难幸存者被送往医院；其中，28名患者共发生40处开放性骨折。这些开放性骨折被分类为19处3级、16处2级和5处1级。有6处上肢骨折和34处下肢骨折。本系列中3级开放性骨折的比例较高（47%），其中一半发生在踝关节或其以下部位。这反映了空难中所涉及力量的高能量和方向。伤口感染发生率（15%）、伤口延迟愈合率（7.5%）和皮瓣坏死率（7.5%）的早期结果与其他系列相似。本研究并未阐明3级伤口应开放还是闭合的争议，但应避免在切开复位内固定后闭合3级伤口。本研究强调需要提供足够的专业人力、设备和资源，以成功应对意外的重大灾难。
