Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Tierernährung, Stuttgart, Germany.
J Appl Microbiol. 2010 Dec;109(6):1998-2010. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04829.x.
To investigate the effect of the forage source and feed particle size (FPS) in ruminant rations on the composition of the ruminal Firmicutes community in vitro.
Three diets, varying in maize silage to grass silage ratio and FPS, were incubated in a rumen simulation system. Microbial samples were taken from the liquid fermenter effluents. Microbial community analysis was performed by 16S rRNA-based techniques. Clostridia-specific single-strand conformation polymorphism profiles revealed changes of the community structure in dependence on both factors tested. The coarse grass silage-containing diets seemed to enhance the occurrence of different Roseburia species. As detected by real-time quantitative PCR, Ruminococcus albus showed a higher abundance with decreasing FPS. A slightly lower proportion of Bacilli was found with increasing grass silage to maize silage ratio by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In contrast, a slightly higher proportion of bacterial species belonging to the Clostridium-clusters XIV a and b was detected by FISH with increasing grass silage contents in the diet.
The ruminal Firmicutes community is affected by the choice of the forage source and FPS.
This study supplies fundamental knowledge about the response of ruminal microbial communities to changing diets. Moreover, the data suggest a standardization of grinding of feeds for in vitro studies to facilitate the comparison of results of different laboratories.
研究反刍动物日粮中的饲料来源和饲料颗粒大小（FPS）对体外瘤胃Firmicutes 群落组成的影响。
三种日粮，分别以青贮玉米与青贮干草的比例和 FPS 不同进行培养，在瘤胃模拟系统中进行孵育。从液体发酵罐流出物中采集微生物样品。通过基于 16S rRNA 的技术进行微生物群落分析。Clostridia 特异性单链构象多态性谱显示，群落结构的变化取决于两个测试因素。含粗饲草青贮的日粮似乎增强了不同 Roseburia 物种的出现。实时定量 PCR 检测到，随着 FPS 的降低，Ruminococcus albus 的丰度增加。通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）发现，随着青贮玉米与青贮干草比例的增加，芽孢杆菌的比例略有降低。相反，通过 FISH 检测到，随着日粮中青贮干草含量的增加，属于梭菌属 XIVa 和 b 的细菌种类的比例略有增加。
瘤胃Firmicutes 群落受饲料来源和 FPS 的选择影响。
本研究提供了关于瘤胃微生物群落对日粮变化的反应的基础知识。此外，这些数据表明，为了便于比较不同实验室的结果，应规范体外研究中饲料的粉碎。
