Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Xenotransplantation. 2010 Jul-Aug;17(4):267-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2010.00601.x.
Robust immune responses to xenografts remain a major obstacle to clinical translation of xenotransplantation, which could otherwise be a potential solution to the worldwide shortage of organ donors. The more vigorous xenograft rejection relative to allograft rejection is largely accounted for by the extensive genetic disparities between the donor and recipient. Xenografts activate host immunity not only by expressing immunogenic xenoantigens that provide the targets for immune recognition and rejection, but also by lacking ligands for the host immune inhibitory receptors. This review is focused on recent findings regarding the role of CD47, a ligand of an immune inhibitory receptor SIRPalpha, in xenograft rejection and induction of xenotolerance.
针对异种移植物的强大免疫反应仍然是异种移植临床转化的主要障碍，否则异种移植可能成为解决全球器官捐献者短缺的潜在方法。与同种异体排斥反应相比，异种移植物排斥反应更为强烈，这在很大程度上是由于供体和受体之间广泛的遗传差异造成的。异种移植物不仅通过表达提供免疫识别和排斥靶标的免疫原性异种抗原激活宿主免疫，还通过缺乏宿主免疫抑制受体的配体来激活宿主免疫。本综述重点介绍了 CD47（一种免疫抑制受体 SIRPalpha 的配体）在异种移植物排斥反应和诱导异种耐受中的作用的最新发现。
