Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2011 Aug;79(2):112-26. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.07.009. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a source of primitive hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor cells, that served as an alternative to bone marrow (BM) for effective transplantation therapy. Success of HSC transplantation (HSCT) is limited in part by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), graft rejection and delayed immune reconstitution, which all relate to immunological complications. GVHD after UCB transplantation is lower compared to that of BM HSCT. This may relate to the tolerogenic nature of T cells, mononuclear cells (MNCs) and especially immune regulatory cells existing in UCB. UCB contains limiting numbers of HSC or CD34(+) cell dose for adult patients resulting in delayed engraftment after UCB transplantation (UCBT). This needs to be improved for optimal transplantation outcomes. Approaches have been undertaken to promote HSC engraftment, including co-infusion of multiple units of UCB cells. These new methods however added additional immunological complications. Herein, we describe current knowledge on features of UCB immune cells, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their potential future usage to reduce GVHD.
脐带血 (UCB) 是原始造血干细胞 (HSC) 和祖细胞的来源，可作为骨髓 (BM) 的替代物，用于有效的移植治疗。HSC 移植 (HSCT) 的成功在一定程度上受到移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)、移植物排斥和延迟的免疫重建的限制，所有这些都与免疫并发症有关。与 BM HSCT 相比，UCB 移植后发生的 GVHD 较低。这可能与 UCB 中存在的 T 细胞、单核细胞 (MNC) 特别是免疫调节细胞的耐受特性有关。UCB 中 HSC 或 CD34(+)细胞的数量有限，因此成人患者在 UCB 移植 (UCBT) 后会出现延迟植入。这需要改进以获得最佳的移植效果。已经采取了一些方法来促进 HSC 植入，包括共输注多个单位的 UCB 细胞。然而，这些新方法增加了额外的免疫并发症。本文描述了目前关于 UCB 免疫细胞（包括调节性 T 细胞 (Tregs) 和间充质干细胞 (MSCs)）特征的知识，及其在减少 GVHD 方面的潜在未来用途。
