Stucchi A F, Terpstra A H, Foxall T L, Nicolosi R J, Smith S C
University of New Hampshire, Department of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Durham 03824.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991 May;23(5):552-61.
The effects of exercise on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, high density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass cholesterol levels, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass composition and metabolism were studied in Yucatan miniature swine following 2 yr of training. The exercise protocol produced significant training effects. Post-heparin lipolytic activity was also significantly increased. Although plasma cholesterol and triglycerides did not differ significantly (P = 0.08) between the exercised and control groups, multivariate analysis indicated a strong association between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and HDL2-C (P less than 0.0001). Although HDL-C levels rose only slightly (P less than 0.09) with exercise, a significant shift was noted in the distribution of cholesterol from the HDL3 to the HDL2 fractions, perhaps mediated by the substantial increase in LPL activity. Exercise had little effect on the chemical composition of the major lipoprotein classes; however, the triglyceride content of the lighter LDL1 subclass was significantly reduced. In the more dense LDL2 subclass, exercise resulted in a significant decrease in triglycerides concomitant with a significant increase in free cholesterol levels. In contrast with the small reductions in fractional catabolic rates (FCR) in either subclass, production rates of the exercised group were reduced, which accounted for the reduction in LDL subclass pool size. These data indicate that exercise produces subtle but significant changes in lipoprotein metabolism that have been previously associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis.
在对尤卡坦小型猪进行了2年训练后，研究了运动对血浆脂质和脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）亚类胆固醇水平以及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）亚类组成和代谢的影响。运动方案产生了显著的训练效果。肝素后脂解活性也显著增加。尽管运动组和对照组之间的血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯没有显著差异（P = 0.08），但多变量分析表明脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）与HDL2-C之间存在强关联（P小于0.0001）。尽管运动后HDL-C水平仅略有升高（P小于0.09），但注意到胆固醇分布从HDL3向HDL2部分有显著变化，这可能是由LPL活性的大幅增加介导的。运动对主要脂蛋白类别的化学组成影响很小；然而，较轻的LDL1亚类的甘油三酯含量显著降低。在密度更高的LDL2亚类中，运动导致甘油三酯显著降低，同时游离胆固醇水平显著升高。与任一亚类中分解代谢率分数（FCR）的小幅降低相反，运动组的生成率降低，这解释了LDL亚类池大小的减少。这些数据表明，运动在脂蛋白代谢中产生了细微但显著的变化，这些变化以前与动脉粥样硬化风险降低有关。
