Garin D, Chaulet J F, Robet Y, Chapalain J C, Lamarque D, Peyron F
Hôpitaux des armées (Biologie), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Desgenettes, Lyon.
Med Trop (Mars). 1991 Jan-Mar;51(1):29-35.
Chloroquine remains the most commonly antimalaric drug utilized all around the world (340 t in 1988). Its efficiency is linked to its action on the digestive vacuole of plasmodium. Since 1957, the areas of resistance are spreading over of an alarming way, striking all continents. 3,000 cases of malaria are imported in France each year, and 90% of the strains tested in vitro by incorporating tritium hypoxanthine are resistant to chloroquine. The resistant parasites are able to exclude chloroquine from their cytoplasm and produce in great number two genes to synthetize a glycoprotein, probable agent of cellular exclusion of the antimalaric drug. Despite of it, to prescribe chloroquine in prophylaxis remains indispensable, because the risk of severe malaria due to some sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum.
氯喹仍然是全世界使用最普遍的抗疟药物（1988年为340吨）。其疗效与其对疟原虫消化液泡的作用有关。自1957年以来，耐药地区正以惊人的速度蔓延，侵袭所有各大洲。法国每年有3000例疟疾输入病例，通过掺入氚化次黄嘌呤在体外测试的菌株中90%对氯喹耐药。耐药寄生虫能够将氯喹从其细胞质中排出，并大量产生两种基因以合成一种糖蛋白，这可能是抗疟药物细胞排出的介质。尽管如此，预防性使用氯喹仍然必不可少，因为存在由某些敏感恶性疟原虫菌株导致严重疟疾的风险。
