Wheeler-Jones Caroline P D, Farrar Charlotte E, Pitsillides Andrew A
Royal Veterinary College, Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 Sep;11(9):997-1006.
The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) coating the luminal surface of the vascular endothelium. Hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan, is an important constituent of the EG that regulates inflammation and repair. By providing a direct link between the endothelium and its ECM, HA contributes to maintaining glycocalyx integrity; emerging evidence indicates a close association between EG deterioration, concomitant loss of HA and the onset of endothelial dysfunction, a phenomenon that is involved in many disorders, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. This review provides an overview of glycocalyx modification by pathological stimuli and considers the potential of the pharmacological targeting of HA synthesis and binding to limit endothelial dysfunction and to improve vasculoprotection.
内皮糖萼（EG）是一种覆盖血管内皮腔表面的细胞外基质（ECM）。透明质酸（HA）作为一种糖胺聚糖，是EG的重要组成部分，可调节炎症和修复过程。通过在内皮及其ECM之间建立直接联系，HA有助于维持糖萼的完整性；新出现的证据表明，EG退化、HA随之丧失与内皮功能障碍的发生密切相关，内皮功能障碍这一现象涉及许多疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常。本综述概述了病理刺激对糖萼的修饰作用，并探讨了针对HA合成和结合进行药物靶向治疗以限制内皮功能障碍和改善血管保护的潜力。
