Król M, Pawłowski K M, Majchrzak K, Szyszko K, Motyl T
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2010;13(2):399-406.
There are many reasons that lead to failure of cancer chemotherapy. Cancer has the ability to become resistant to many different types of drugs. Increased efflux of drug, enhanced repair/increased tolerance to DNA damage, high antiapoptotic potential, decreased permeability and enzymatic deactivation allow cancer cell survive the chemotherapy. Treatment can lead to the death of most tumor cells (drug-sensitive), but some of them (drug-resistant) survive and grow again. These tumor cells may arise from stem cells. There are many studies describing human experiments with multidrug resistance, especially in breast cancer. Unfortunately, studies of canine or feline ABC super family members are not as extensive as in human or mice and they are limited to several papers describing PGP in mammary cancer, cutaneous mast cell tumors and lymphoma. Multidrug resistance is one of the most significant problems in oncology today. The involvement of many different, not fully recognized, mechanisms in multidrug resistance of cancer cells makes the development of effective methods of therapy very difficult. Understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer cells may improve the results of treatment. This review article provides a synopsis of all aspects that refer to cancer cell resistance to antitumor drugs.
导致癌症化疗失败的原因有很多。癌症有能力对许多不同类型的药物产生耐药性。药物外排增加、对DNA损伤的修复增强/耐受性增加、高抗凋亡潜力、通透性降低和酶失活使癌细胞在化疗中存活下来。治疗可导致大多数肿瘤细胞（药物敏感型）死亡，但其中一些（耐药型）存活并再次生长。这些肿瘤细胞可能源自干细胞。有许多研究描述了人类的多药耐药性实验，尤其是在乳腺癌方面。不幸的是，关于犬类或猫类ABC超家族成员的研究不如人类或小鼠的广泛，并且仅限于几篇描述乳腺癌、皮肤肥大细胞瘤和淋巴瘤中PGP的论文。多药耐药性是当今肿瘤学中最重大的问题之一。癌细胞多药耐药性涉及许多不同但尚未完全认识的机制，这使得开发有效的治疗方法非常困难。了解癌细胞的耐药机制可能会改善治疗效果。这篇综述文章概述了与癌细胞对抗肿瘤药物耐药性相关的所有方面。
