Intervertebral disc disease in dogs.

Intervertebral disc herniation is a common cause of neurologic dysfunction in dogs. This article reviews the anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnostic imaging, treatment options, and prognosis for canine cervical and thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease. The extensive literature pertinent to intervertebral disc disease is reviewed with the goal of summarizing the information available to help clinicians in their decision making.