Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Mov Disord. 2010 Oct 15;25(13):2142-7. doi: 10.1002/mds.23241.
Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) have a dopaminergic link. More insight in the clinical profile of RLS in patients with PD may benefit our understanding of this link. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency and clinical profile of RLS in a large cohort of PD patients. In 269 nondemented Caucasian PD patients, the four diagnostic criteria for RLS were administered by a RLS trained researcher. In patients with definite RLS, the severity of these symptoms was assessed. Furthermore, in all patients, relevant motor and nonmotor symptoms in PD were evaluated. Definite RLS was present in 11% of the patients. RLS patients were more often female (69% vs. 32%, P < 0.001), but no other significant differences existed between PD patients with and without RLS. Within the PD patients with RLS, severity of RLS correlated positively with PD severity, motor fluctuations, depressive symptoms, daytime sleepiness, cognitive problems, autonomic symptoms, and psychotic symptoms. This study in a large PD cohort shows that prevalence of RLS is similar to that in the general population, which might be caused by underestimation of RLS due to dopaminergic treatment. No relations were found between the presence of RLS and PD symptoms, but the severity of RLS was related to the severity of PD-related, mainly nondopaminergic, symptoms. It is hypothesized that, nondopaminergic systems, such as the noradrenergic system may play a role in the possible link between PD and RLS.
帕金森病（PD）和不安腿综合征（RLS）具有多巴胺能联系。更深入了解 PD 患者 RLS 的临床特征可能有助于我们理解这种联系。本研究的目的是评估大量 PD 患者中 RLS 的频率和临床特征。在 269 名非痴呆的白种人 PD 患者中，由一名经过 RLS 培训的研究人员对 RLS 的四项诊断标准进行了评估。在确诊为 RLS 的患者中，评估了这些症状的严重程度。此外，对所有患者的 PD 相关运动和非运动症状进行了评估。11%的患者存在明确的 RLS。RLS 患者中女性更为常见（69%比 32%，P<0.001），但 PD 患者中有无 RLS 之间没有其他显著差异。在有 RLS 的 PD 患者中，RLS 的严重程度与 PD 严重程度、运动波动、抑郁症状、白天嗜睡、认知问题、自主神经症状和精神病症状呈正相关。这项在大型 PD 队列中的研究表明，RLS 的患病率与普通人群相似，这可能是由于多巴胺能治疗导致 RLS 被低估。未发现 RLS 的存在与 PD 症状之间存在关系，但 RLS 的严重程度与 PD 相关的、主要是非多巴胺能的症状的严重程度有关。据推测，非多巴胺能系统，如去甲肾上腺素能系统，可能在 PD 和 RLS 之间的可能联系中发挥作用。
