López-Martínez Juana, Herrera-Valdivia Eloisa, Rodríguez-Romero Jesús, Hernández-Vázquez Sergio
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Km 2.35 Carretera a Las Tinajas, S/N Colonia Tinajas, Guaymas, Sonora, México.
Rev Biol Trop. 2010 Sep;58(3):925-42.
Bycatch fish species from shrimp industrial fishery in the Gulf of California, Mexico. The shrimp fishery in the Gulf of California is one the most important activities of revenue and employment for communities. Nevertheless, this fishery has also created a large bycatch problem, principally fish. To asses this issue, a group of observers were placed on board the industrial shrimp fleet and evaluated the Eastern side of the Gulf during 2004 and 2005. Studies consisted on 20kg samples of the capture for each trawl, and made possible a systematic list of species for this geographic area. Fish represented 70% of the capture. A total of 51 101 fish were collected, belonging to two classes, 20 orders, 65 families, 127 genera, and 241 species. The order Perciformes was the most diverse with 31 families, 78 genera, and 158 species. The best represented families by number of species were: Sciaenidae (34) and Paralichthyidae (18) and Haemulidae and Carangidae (16 each). The best represented genera in number of species were Symphurus (nine) and Diplectrum and Cynoscion (six); other important genera were Larimus and Porichthys with five species each. The best represented species in number were Syacium ovale, Pseudupeneus grandisquamis, Haemulopsis nitidos, Diplectrum pacificum, Synodus scituliceps, Balistes polylepis, Eucinostomus currani, Eucinostomus gracilis, Porichthys analis, Chloroscombrus orqueta, Selene peruviana, Orthopristis reddingi, Etropus crossotus, Scorpaena sonorae and Urobatis halleri. The number of recorded species is notably high, compared with demersal fauna of other areas of the Mexican Pacific, such as Gulf of Tehuantepec (178), Nayarit, Michoacán, Guerrero (174, 120 and 166), Jalisco and Colima (161 species), and those of the Western coast of the Baja California Peninsula (220 species).
墨西哥加利福尼亚湾虾类工业渔业的兼捕鱼类物种。加利福尼亚湾的虾类渔业是当地社区最重要的创收和就业活动之一。然而，这种渔业也造成了严重的兼捕问题，主要是鱼类。为评估这一问题，一组观察员登上了工业捕虾船队，并在2004年和2005年期间对加利福尼亚湾东侧进行了评估。研究包括对每次拖网捕获的20千克样本进行分析，从而得出了该地理区域物种的系统清单。鱼类占捕获量的70%。总共收集了51101条鱼，分属两个纲、20目、65科、127属和241种。鲈形目最为多样，有31科、78属和158种。物种数量最多的科有：石首鱼科（34种）、牙鲆科（18种）、石鲈科和鲹科（各16种）。物种数量最多的属有连鳍鳎属（9种）以及双鳍鲈属和犬牙石首鱼属（各6种）；其他重要的属有拉氏鱼属和多斑孔口鱼属，各有5种。数量最多的物种有卵形线塘鳢、大鳞拟羊鱼、亮鳞仿石鲈、太平洋双鳍鲈、细纹狗母鱼、多鳞皮剥鲀、库氏真雀鲷、细真雀鲷、肛斑多斑孔口鱼、绿鳍方头鲳、秘鲁月鲹、雷氏直齿脂鲤、克氏艾氏鲬、索诺拉鲉和哈氏黄魟。与墨西哥太平洋其他地区的底栖动物相比，记录的物种数量非常高，如特万特佩克湾（178种）、纳亚里特、米却肯州、格雷罗州（分别为174种、120种和166种）、哈利斯科州和科利马州（161种），以及下加利福尼亚半岛西海岸的物种数量（220种）。
