Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
J Fish Biol. 2009 Aug;75(2):295-320. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02276.x.
Common carp Cyprinus carpio were introduced into Australia on several occasions and are now the dominant fish in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), the continent's largest river system. In this study, variability at 14 microsatellite loci was examined in C. carpio (n = 1037) from 34 sites throughout the major rivers in the MDB, from 3 cultured populations, from Prospect Reservoir in the Sydney Basin and from Lake Sorrell in Tasmania. Consistent with previous studies, assignment testing indicated that the Boolara, Yanco and koi strains of C. carpio are present in the MDB. Unique to this study, however, the Prospect strain was widely distributed throughout the MDB. Significant genetic structuring of populations (Fisher's exact test, AMOVA and distribution of the different strains) amongst the MDB sub-drainages was detected, and was strongly associated with contemporary barriers to dispersal and population history. The distributions of the strains were used to infer the history of introduction and spread of C. carpio in the MDB. Fifteen management units are proposed for control programmes that have high levels of genetic diversity, contain multiple interbreeding strains and show no evidence of founder effects or recent population bottlenecks.
鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）曾多次被引入澳大利亚，现已成为该大陆最大的河流系统——墨累-达令流域（MDB）中的优势鱼类。在这项研究中，对来自 MDB 主要河流的 34 个地点（n = 1037）、3 个养殖种群、悉尼盆地的 Prospect 水库和塔斯马尼亚的 Sorrell 湖的 14 个微卫星基因座中的鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的变异性进行了检测。与先前的研究一致，分配测试表明，Boolara、Yanco 和锦鲤品种的鲤鱼存在于 MDB 中。然而，与以往的研究不同的是， Prospect 种群广泛分布于 MDB。在 MDB 的支流之间，种群间（Fisher 确切检验、AMOVA 和不同品种的分布）存在显著的遗传结构，这与当代的扩散障碍和种群历史密切相关。品种的分布被用来推断鲤鱼在 MDB 的引入和传播历史。提出了 15 个管理单元，用于控制具有高水平遗传多样性、包含多个杂交品种且没有创始者效应或近期种群瓶颈证据的项目。
