Holm A K
Department of Pedodontics, University of Umeå, Sweden.
J Dent. 1990 Dec;18(6):308-14. doi: 10.1016/0300-5712(90)90129-3.
Caries prevalence studies of preschool children today show that caries is increasing in many of the developing countries. This is often blamed on a situation where confectionary, soft drinks and refined sugar-containing snacks have become easily available. Studies in Sweden in 1980 on 4 year olds showed a high sucrose consumption, and an increasing proportion of the daily energy intake coming from snacks. Recent studies from Norway have confirmed that the dietary pattern is established in early infancy during the period of primary socialization. In Sweden, nearly all children are taken regularly by their parents to child health centres for regular check-ups and vaccinations. In these centres dental health education is given when the child is about 6 months and 18 months of age. Children of refugees and immigrants in Sweden have a considerably higher prevalence of dental caries than Swedish children. A dental health education programme at the child health centre to Finnish immigrant parents has been carried out and evaluated. The information was given on three separate occasions in Finnish to one test group of Finnish parents, and in Swedish to another test group of Finnish parents. A third Finnish group was given information twice in Swedish. When the children were 3 years of age, the dental health of the group where the parents had been given information three times in Finnish was equally as good as the dental health of matched Swedish 3 year olds.
如今对学龄前儿童龋齿患病率的研究表明，许多发展中国家的龋齿患病率正在上升。这通常归咎于糖果、软饮料和含精制糖零食变得随处可得的情况。1980年在瑞典对4岁儿童的研究显示，蔗糖摄入量很高，且日常能量摄入中来自零食的比例不断增加。挪威最近的研究证实，饮食习惯在婴儿早期的主要社会化阶段就已形成。在瑞典，几乎所有儿童都由父母定期带到儿童健康中心进行定期检查和接种疫苗。在这些中心，当孩子大约6个月和18个月大时会进行牙齿健康教育。瑞典难民和移民的孩子患龋齿的患病率比瑞典孩子高得多。已经开展并评估了一项针对芬兰移民父母的儿童健康中心牙齿健康教育项目。信息以芬兰语分三次提供给一个芬兰父母测试组，以瑞典语提供给另一个芬兰父母测试组。第三个芬兰组以瑞典语接受了两次信息。当孩子3岁时，父母接受三次芬兰语信息的组的牙齿健康状况与匹配的瑞典3岁儿童的牙齿健康状况一样好。
