Mullan P B, Woolliscroft J O, Green T G, LaTurno D, Davis W K
Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0201.
Am J Prev Med. 1990 Nov-Dec;6(6):353-7.
This cross-sectional study examined medical and dental students' knowledge of preventive medicine. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge of preventive medicine--both epidemiological and clinical--that students demonstrate as they enter medical and dental school and acquire during training. The results of a two-group (medical versus dental school) by three-time (first-, second-, and third-year level) analysis of variance of students' mean examination scores showed significant main effects for school (F = 28.3, P less than .001) and training level (F = 24.5, P less than .001), and a significant school-by-training level interaction (F = 13.9, P less than .001). Medical students at higher training levels demonstrated greater knowledge of preventive medicine. In contrast, there were no significant differences by year of training among the dental students on the total test or on the epidemiological or clinical subscales. Both the dental and medical students demonstrated greater knowledge of clinical applications than of epidemiological foundations (t = 4.21, P less than .01). Dental students performed better than medical students on items that focused on diseases and risk factors that manifest symptoms more likely to be observed in dentistry than in general medical practice. The findings underscore the need to demonstrate practice relevance when teaching preventive medicine.
这项横断面研究调查了医学和牙科专业学生对预防医学的了解。该研究的目的是评估学生在进入医学院和牙科学院时以及在培训期间所展现出的预防医学知识（包括流行病学和临床方面）。对学生平均考试成绩进行的两组（医学院与牙科学院）×三次（一年级、二年级和三年级）方差分析结果显示，学校（F = 28.3，P <.001）和培训水平（F = 24.5，P <.001）的主效应显著，且学校与培训水平的交互作用显著（F = 13.9，P <.001）。处于较高培训水平的医学生对预防医学的了解更多。相比之下，牙科学院学生在总体测试以及流行病学或临床子量表上，不同培训年份之间没有显著差异。医学生和牙科学院学生对临床应用的了解都比对流行病学基础的了解更多（t = 4.21，P <.01）。在关注那些在牙科中比在普通医疗实践中更可能出现症状的疾病和风险因素的题目上，牙科学院学生的表现优于医学生。这些发现强调了在教授预防医学时展示实践相关性的必要性。
