Caldwell C B, Gottesman I I
Curry Programs in Clinical and School Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903.
Schizophr Bull. 1990;16(4):571-89. doi: 10.1093/schbul/16.4.571.
Suicide rates among schizophrenic individuals are disturbingly high. At present, suicide is the number one cause of premature death among schizophrenics, with 10 to 13 percent killing themselves. Recent studies place the risk of suicide for persons with schizophrenia at a level comparable to that for persons with affective disorder. Depression, especially the symptom of self-reported or perceived hopelessness, is an important comorbidity factor in assessing this risk. Young white schizophrenic men with high levels of premorbid functioning and high expectations are at particularly high risk. Schizophrenic women, unlike women in the general population, behave more like men when it comes to choosing suicide. This article reviews recent studies reporting suicide rates and risk factors for suicide among schizophrenic patients. Current issues concerning the prediction, prevention, and treatment of suicidality among persons with schizophrenia are also discussed.
精神分裂症患者的自杀率高得令人不安。目前，自杀是精神分裂症患者过早死亡的首要原因，有10%至13%的患者自杀身亡。最近的研究表明，精神分裂症患者的自杀风险与情感障碍患者相当。抑郁，尤其是自我报告或感知到的绝望症状，是评估这种风险的一个重要共病因素。病前功能水平高且期望高的年轻白人男性精神分裂症患者风险尤其高。与普通人群中的女性不同，精神分裂症女性在选择自杀方面的行为更像男性。本文综述了近期关于精神分裂症患者自杀率及自杀风险因素的研究。还讨论了目前有关精神分裂症患者自杀倾向的预测、预防和治疗的问题。
