Allen M J
Accident and Emergency Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1990 Dec;35(6 Suppl):S33-6.
Compartment syndromes of the lower limb occur as an over-use type injury in athletes resulting in a chronic compartment syndrome. Alternatively they may occur as a result of trauma to the limb in the form of soft tissue injury or a closed fracture resulting in an acute compartment syndrome. Chronic compartment syndromes present as pain in the lower legs during exercise and are relieved after a variable period of rest. Diagnosis is aided by intracompartmental pressure monitoring during exercise and if symptoms have persisted for longer than 6 months treatment is by means of a subcutaneous fasciotomy. Acute compartment syndromes are relatively rare and often difficult to diagnose. If unrecognized they may lead to significant limb morbidity in the form of paraesthesia and muscle weakness. Diagnosis once again may be aided by intracompartmental pressure monitoring. Once the diagnosis has been made urgent surgical decompression in the form of an open fasciotomy is mandatory.
下肢骨筋膜室综合征在运动员中作为一种过度使用性损伤而发生，导致慢性骨筋膜室综合征。或者，它们可能因肢体受到软组织损伤或闭合性骨折形式的创伤而发生，导致急性骨筋膜室综合征。慢性骨筋膜室综合征表现为运动时小腿疼痛，休息一段时间后缓解。运动期间进行骨筋膜室内压力监测有助于诊断，如果症状持续超过6个月，则通过皮下筋膜切开术进行治疗。急性骨筋膜室综合征相对少见，且常难以诊断。如果未被识别，它们可能导致肢体出现感觉异常和肌肉无力等严重并发症。再次，骨筋膜室内压力监测有助于诊断。一旦确诊，必须立即进行切开筋膜减压术这种紧急手术减压。
