Williams C
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Loughborough University of Technology, UK.
J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1990 Dec;35(6 Suppl):S7-13.
The value of physiological measurement in sport lies in the opportunity it provides to learn more about the responses of individuals to the demands of exercise, the particular physiological characteristics which allow some individuals to become successful at some sports, but not others, and the physiological adaptations to training which underlie improvements in human performance. In this paper, running has been used to illustrate the value of making physiological measurements on sportsmen and women because it is an activity which is common to many sports. Sports can be divided into two broad groups, namely the 'endurance sports' and, what may be called, the 'multiple sprint' sports. The focus of attention of this brief overview is the physiological measurements which provide a general description of the 'fitness' for these sports.
生理测量在体育运动中的价值在于，它提供了一个机会，让人们更多地了解个体对运动需求的反应、使某些个体在某些运动项目中取得成功而在其他项目中却不行的特殊生理特征，以及作为人类运动能力提高基础的对训练的生理适应。在本文中，跑步被用来阐释对运动员进行生理测量的价值，因为它是许多运动项目共有的一项活动。体育运动可大致分为两大类，即“耐力运动”和可以称之为“多次冲刺”的运动。本简要概述关注的焦点是那些能对这些运动项目的“体能”给出总体描述的生理测量。
