University of Memphis, Tennessee, TN, USA.
J Nurs Adm. 2010 Sep;40(9):366-73. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181ee4261.
To quantitatively measure workflow and computer use, the activities of 27 medical-surgical RNs were recorded through direct observation.
Previous studies have shown how nurses spend their time but have not documented the pattern, duration, or frequency of activities. The absence of this information is problematic for leaders charged with improving performance and staff development.
Observers recorded nurse activities and location in real time using predefined lists. More than 98 hours of observations were recorded.
Assessment, charting, and communicating were the most frequent activities, consuming 18.1%, 9.9%, and 11.8% of nurse time, respectively. The duration of 40% of the activities was less than 10 seconds. Timelines revealed that nurses constantly switch activities and locations in a seemingly random pattern.
The results indicate that there is little "flow" in nurse workflow. The chaotic pace implies that nurses rarely complete an activity before switching to another. The opportunity to use critical thinking and engage in planning care is severely limited under these circumstances. The implications for cognition and role transformation are discussed. Part 2 of this research explores the impact of new technology on nurse activities and workflow.
通过直接观察，定量测量 27 名外科护士的工作流程和计算机使用情况。
先前的研究表明了护士如何分配时间，但并未记录活动的模式、持续时间或频率。对于负责提高绩效和员工发展的领导者来说，缺乏这些信息是有问题的。
观察者使用预定义的清单实时记录护士的活动和位置。记录了超过 98 小时的观察结果。
评估、记录图表和沟通是最频繁的活动，分别占护士时间的 18.1%、9.9%和 11.8%。40%的活动持续时间不到 10 秒。时间线显示，护士似乎随机地不断切换活动和位置。
结果表明，护士的工作流程几乎没有“流畅性”。混乱的节奏意味着护士在切换到另一个活动之前很少完成一个活动。在这种情况下，很少有机会进行批判性思维和参与护理计划。本文讨论了认知和角色转变的影响。这项研究的第二部分探讨了新技术对护士活动和工作流程的影响。
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