Department of Organic Chemistry "E. Paternò", Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze s/n, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Adv Mater. 2010 Oct 8;22(38):4220-48. doi: 10.1002/adma.201000083.
A new classification on the different types of fullerene-containing polymers is presented according to their different properties and applications they exhibit in a variety of fields. Because of their interest and novelty, water-soluble and biodegradable C(60)-polymers are discussed first, followed by polyfullerene-based membranes where unprecedented supramolecular structures are presented. Next are compounds that involve hybrid materials formed from fullerenes and other components such as silica, DNA, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where the most recent advances have been achieved. A most relevant topic is still that of C(60)-based donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers. Since their application in photovoltaics D-A polymers are among the most realistic applications of fullerenes in the so-called molecular electronics. The most relevant aspects in these covalently connected fullerene/polymer hybrids as well as new concepts to improve energy conversion efficiencies are presented.The last topics disccused relate to supramolecular aspects that are in involved in C(60)-polymer systems and in the self-assembly of C(60)-macromolecular structures, which open a new scenario for organizing, by means of non-covalent interactions, new supramolecular structures at the nano- and micrometric scale, in which the combination of the hydrofobicity of fullerenes with the versatility of the noncovalent chemistry afford new and spectacular superstructures.
根据富勒烯聚合物在不同领域表现出的不同性质和应用，提出了一种新的分类方法。由于它们的有趣性和新颖性，首先讨论了水溶性和可生物降解的 C(60)-聚合物，然后介绍了基于富勒烯的具有空前超分子结构的聚合物膜。接下来是涉及富勒烯与其他成分（如二氧化硅、DNA 和碳纳米管 (CNT)）形成的混合材料的化合物，其中取得了最新的进展。一个非常相关的话题仍然是基于 C(60)的给体-受体 (D-A) 聚合物。自从它们在光伏中的应用以来，D-A 聚合物是富勒烯在所谓的分子电子学中最现实的应用之一。在这些共价连接的富勒烯/聚合物杂化物以及提高能量转换效率的新概念中，介绍了最相关的方面。最后讨论的主题涉及涉及 C(60)-聚合物系统和 C(60)-高分子结构的自组装的超分子方面，这为通过非共价相互作用在纳米和微米尺度上组织新的超分子结构开辟了一个新的场景，其中富勒烯的疏水性与非共价化学的多功能性相结合，提供了新的和壮观的超结构。
