Department of Geography, University of Oulu, Finland.
Ambio. 2010 Jun;39(4):269-78. doi: 10.1007/s13280-010-0044-1.
Boreal forests in Sweden are exploited in a number of ways, including forestry and reindeer husbandry. In the winter, reindeer feed mainly on lichens, and lichen-rich forests are a key resource in the herding system. Commercial forestry has mainly negative effects on reindeer husbandry, and conflicts between these two industries have escalated over the last century. This article reviews the effects of modern forest management practices on the winter resources available for reindeer husbandry. Forestry affects reindeer husbandry at both the stand level and the landscape level and over various time scales. Clear-cutting, site preparation, fertilization, short rotation times, and forest fragmentation have largely resulted in a reduced amount of ground growing and arboreal lichens and restricted access to resource. This article also discusses alternative forestry practices and approaches that could reduce the impacts of forestry on reindeer husbandry, both in the short and long-term.
瑞典的北方森林被多种方式开发利用，包括林业和驯鹿养殖业。在冬季，驯鹿主要以地衣为食，而地衣丰富的森林是放牧系统的关键资源。商业林业对驯鹿养殖业主要有负面影响，这两个行业之间的冲突在上个世纪已经升级。本文综述了现代森林管理实践对驯鹿养殖业冬季可用资源的影响。林业在林分水平和景观水平上，并在不同的时间尺度上影响驯鹿养殖业。皆伐、整地、施肥、短轮伐期和森林破碎化在很大程度上导致地面生长和树生地衣的数量减少，限制了对资源的利用。本文还讨论了替代的林业实践和方法，可以减少林业对驯鹿养殖业的短期和长期影响。
