Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Amarillo, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2010 Sep;19(9):1659-63. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2009.1849.
Adolescents consistently demonstrate the lowest rates of breastfeeding among women of reproductive age despite well-documented benefits of breastfeeding. In Amarillo, Texas, a medium-sized community with a perennially high teen pregnancy rate, we sought (1) to determine breastfeedings practices among adolescent females immediately after delivery and again at 6 weeks and (2) to identify contraceptive choices among the same teen population.
This was a retrospective chart review focused on adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 coming to a university-based obstetrical service between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2008. Data on breastfeeding and contraceptive practices were analyzed.
Five hundred forty-three cases were analyzed. At hospital discharge, 59.3% initiated breastfeeding, but this dropped to 22.2% at the 6-week postpartum appointment. Over 27% of all study subjects failed to appear for postpartum evaluation. Multiparity was the only outcome variable associated with failure to initiate breastfeeding. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, the levonorgestrel intrauterine device (IUD), and combination oral contraceptives were the most popular contraceptive choices, but 16% elected to forego any form of contraception at the postpartum visit.
Adolescent women living in an area of Texas with a high teen pregnancy rate reported relatively low breastfeeding rates immediately postpartum, with a >50% decrease in breastfeeding in any form by 6 weeks postpartum. A substantial number failed to initiate any form of contraception at the postpartum visit. These findings support the critical need for additional breastfeeding support and contraceptive education in this at-risk adolescent population.
尽管有充分的证据表明母乳喂养的好处，但青少年在育龄妇女中的母乳喂养率始终最低。在德克萨斯州的阿马里洛，这是一个中等规模的社区，青少年怀孕率常年居高不下，我们试图（1）确定青少年女性在分娩后立即和 6 周后母乳喂养的情况，（2）确定同一青少年人群的避孕选择。
这是一项回顾性图表审查，重点是在 2006 年 1 月 1 日至 2008 年 12 月 31 日期间到一所大学妇产科就诊的 13 至 18 岁的青少年。对母乳喂养和避孕措施的数据进行了分析。
分析了 543 例病例。在出院时，59.3%的产妇开始母乳喂养，但在产后 6 周的预约时降至 22.2%。超过 27%的研究对象未能参加产后评估。多胎妊娠是唯一与未能开始母乳喂养相关的结局变量。醋酸甲羟孕酮、左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器（IUD）和复方口服避孕药是最受欢迎的避孕选择，但 16%的人在产后就诊时选择不采取任何形式的避孕措施。
生活在德克萨斯州青少年怀孕率较高地区的青少年女性报告产后立即母乳喂养率相对较低，6 周后任何形式的母乳喂养率下降超过 50%。相当数量的人在产后就诊时没有开始任何形式的避孕措施。这些发现支持在这一高危青少年人群中需要额外的母乳喂养支持和避孕教育。
