Bacigaluppi Marco, Comi Giancarlo, Hermann Dirk M
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland.
Open Neurol J. 2010 Jun 15;4:26-33. doi: 10.2174/1874205X01004020026.
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability and death in developed and developing countries. As emerging disease, stroke related mortality and morbidity is going to step up in the next decades. This is both due to the poor identification of risk factors and persistence of unhealthy habits, as well as to the aging of the population. To counteract the estimated increase in stroke incidence, it is of primary importance to identify risk factors, study their effects, to promote primary and secondary prevention, and to extend the therapeutic repertoire that is currently limited to the very first hours after stroke. While epidemiologic studies in the human population are essential to identify emerging risk factors, adequate animal models represent a fundamental tool to dissect stroke risk factors to their molecular mechanism and to find efficacious therapeutic strategies for this complex multi- factorial disorder. The present review is organized into two parts: the first part deals with the animal models that have been developed to study stroke and its related risk factors and the second part analyzes the specific stroke models. These models represent an indispensable tool to investigate the mechanisms of cerebral injury and to develop novel therapies.
缺血性中风是发达国家和发展中国家导致长期残疾和死亡的主要原因之一。作为一种新出现的疾病，中风相关的死亡率和发病率在未来几十年将呈上升趋势。这既是由于风险因素识别不足和不健康习惯持续存在，也是由于人口老龄化。为了应对预计中风发病率的增加，识别风险因素、研究其影响、促进一级和二级预防以及扩展目前仅限于中风后最初几个小时的治疗方法至关重要。虽然人群中的流行病学研究对于识别新出现的风险因素至关重要，但合适的动物模型是剖析中风风险因素的分子机制以及为这种复杂的多因素疾病找到有效治疗策略的基本工具。本综述分为两部分：第一部分讨论为研究中风及其相关风险因素而开发的动物模型，第二部分分析特定的中风模型。这些模型是研究脑损伤机制和开发新疗法不可或缺的工具。
