鼻腔下鼻甲肥大患者鼻腔给药的计算流体动力学模型。

A computational fluid dynamics model for drug delivery in a nasal cavity with inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

机构信息

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

出版信息

J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2010 Oct;23(5):329-38. doi: 10.1089/jamp.2009.0776.

DOI:10.1089/jamp.2009.0776

PMID:20804427

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Intranasal medications are commonly used in treating nasal diseases. However, technical details of the correct usage of these medications for nasal cavity with obstruction are unclear.

METHODS

A three-dimensional model of nasal cavity was constructed from MRI scans of a healthy human subject. Nasal cavities corresponding to healthy, moderate, and severe nasal obstruction (NO) were simulated by enlarging the inferior turbinate geometrically, which was documented by approximately one-third reduction of the minimum cross-sectional area for the moderate and two-thirds for the severe obstruction. The discrete phase model based on steady-state computational fluid dynamics was used to study the gas-particle flow. The results were presented with drug particle (from 7 x 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁷ m) deposition distribution along the lateral walls inside these three nasal cavities, and comparisons of the particle ratio escaping from the cavity were also presented and discussed.

RESULTS

Nasal patency is an essential condition that had the most impact on particle deposition of the factors studied; the particle percentage escaping the nasal cavity decreased to less than a half and one-tenth for the moderately and severely blocked noses. Decreasing of flow rate and particle diameter increased the escaping ratio; however, zero escaping percentage was detected with the absence of air flow and the effect was less noticeable when the particle diameter was very small (<10⁻⁶ m). The existence of inspiratory flow and head tilt angle helped to improve the particle escaping ratio for the healthy nose; however, such changes were not significant for the moderately and severely blocked noses.

CONCLUSION

When using an intranasal medication, it is advisable to have a moderate inspiratory air-flow rate and small size particles to improve particle escaping ratio. Various head positions suggested by clinicians do not seem to improve the drug escaping ratio significantly for the nasal cavities with inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

摘要

背景

鼻腔用药常用于治疗鼻腔疾病。然而，鼻腔阻塞患者正确使用这些药物的技术细节尚不清楚。

方法

从健康人体的 MRI 扫描中构建了鼻腔的三维模型。通过几何放大下鼻甲来模拟健康、中度和重度鼻腔阻塞（NO）的鼻腔，中度阻塞时最小横截面积减少约三分之一，重度阻塞时减少三分之二。使用基于稳态计算流体动力学的离散相模型来研究气体-颗粒流动。结果以药物颗粒（从 7 x 10⁻⁵ 到 10⁻⁷ m）在这三个鼻腔的侧壁内的沉积分布呈现，并比较了从鼻腔逸出的颗粒比例。

结果

鼻腔通畅是影响沉积的最重要因素，研究因素中颗粒逸出的比例降低到不到一半和十分之一对于中度和重度阻塞的鼻腔。流速和粒径的降低增加了逸出比例；然而，当没有气流时检测到零逸出百分比，并且当粒径非常小时（<10⁻⁶ m），效果不太明显。吸气流量和头部倾斜角度的存在有助于提高健康鼻腔的颗粒逸出比例；然而，对于中度和重度阻塞的鼻腔，这种变化并不显著。