Schindele M, Blättchen C, Brosch W, Blümel G, Roder J, Erhardt W
Institut für Experimentelle Chirurgie, Technischen Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax. 1990 Dec;18(6):585-9.
The concept of combined anaesthesia, the centrally-acting muscle relaxant guaifenesin (My 301) in a 5% solution with ketamine (and/or fentanyl) in addition to the inhalation of nitrous oxide and halothane is based upon the principle of "balanced anaesthesia". Guaifenesin amplifies the effect of several anaesthetics, which complement one another, allowing the dosage to be decreased and thereby reducing the cardiovascular stress. To induce anaesthesia, the combination of a cataleptic anaesthetic (ketamine = Ketanest, Ketolar) and a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant (guaifenesin = Myolaxin, My 301) is used. Because of the risk of aspiration the animal should be intubated as soon as possible. Anaesthesia will be prolonged by the carrier gas nitrous oxide (65%, weakly analgesic)/oxygen (65%), low concentrations of halothane (1.0 to 0.6 to 0.4%, weakly hypnotic and analgesic) and by a continuous drip infusion of 5% guaifenesin (relaxing, mild analgesic and sedative). The effect of all the other anaesthetics is increased by guaifenesin. To increase the analgesia and to control the cardiovascular parameters the additional injection of ketamine or fentanyl is recommended. The recovery period is short and the general condition is good both after a lengthy anaesthesia of 9 hours (n = 32) and after anaesthesia of 2 hours. No significant adverse effects on the cardiovascular system were detected.
复合麻醉的概念是，除吸入氧化亚氮和氟烷外，使用5%溶液的中枢性肌肉松弛剂愈创甘油醚（My 301）与氯胺酮（和/或芬太尼），其基于“平衡麻醉”的原则。愈创甘油醚增强了几种相互补充的麻醉剂的效果，使得剂量可以减少，从而减轻心血管应激。诱导麻醉时，使用镇静性麻醉剂（氯胺酮 = 凯他敏、Ketolar）和中枢性骨骼肌松弛剂（愈创甘油醚 = 肌安宁、My 301）的组合。由于有误吸风险，动物应尽快插管。麻醉将通过载气氧化亚氮（65% , 弱镇痛）/氧气（35%）、低浓度氟烷（1.0%至0.6%至0.4%，弱催眠和镇痛）以及持续滴注5%愈创甘油醚（松弛、轻度镇痛和镇静）来延长。愈创甘油醚可增强所有其他麻醉剂的效果。为增强镇痛效果并控制心血管参数，建议额外注射氯胺酮或芬太尼。无论是在长达9小时（n = 32）的长时间麻醉后还是在2小时麻醉后，恢复期都很短且一般状况良好。未检测到对心血管系统有明显不良影响。
