[Fracture risk in secondary osteoporosis].

In this review, we focused on diabetes mellitus (DM) , chronic kidney disease (CKD) , and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) , which frequently occurred in the clinical settings, to discuss hip fracture risk. In DM, either type 1 or type 2, fracture risk is elevated probably due to deteriorated bone quality and increased frequency of falls, because the risk is much higher than that expected by bone density. In CKD, especially in patients undergoing dialysis therapy, high risks of fractures in younger people and of mortality after fractures are striking. Even mild to moderate renal dysfunction has recently been reported to elevate fracture risk. In GIO, we reviewed some papers in terms of relationship between doses and duration of corticosteroids and fracture risk.