Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993-0002, USA.
AAPS J. 2010 Dec;12(4):670-8. doi: 10.1208/s12248-010-9227-8. Epub 2010 Sep 2.
Experimental models of permeability in animals, excised tissues, cell monolayers, and artificial membranes are important during drug discovery and development as permeability is one of several factors affecting the intestinal absorption of oral drug products. The utility of these models is demonstrated by their ability to predict a drug's in vivo intestinal absorption. Within the various permeability models, there are differences in the performance of the assays, along with variability in animal species, tissue sources, and cell types, resulting in a variety of experimental permeability values for the same drug among laboratories. This has led to a need for assay standardization within laboratories to ensure applicability in the drug development process. Method suitability provides a generalized approach to standardize and validate a permeability model within a laboratory. First, assay methodology is optimized and validated for its various experimental parameters along with acceptance criteria for the assay. Second, the suitability of the model is demonstrated by a rank order relationship between experimental permeability values and human extent of absorption of known model compounds. Lastly, standard compounds are employed to classify a test drug's intestinal permeability and ensure assay reproducibility and quality. This review will provide examples of the different aspects method suitability for in situ (intestinal perfusions), ex vivo (everted intestinal sacs, diffusion chambers), and in vitro (cell monolayers, artificial membranes) experimental permeability models. Through assay standardization, reference standards, and acceptance criteria, method suitability assures the dependability of experimental data to predict a drug's intestinal permeability during discovery, development, and regulatory application.
在药物发现和开发过程中,动物、离体组织、细胞单层和人工膜的渗透性实验模型非常重要,因为渗透性是影响口服药物肠道吸收的几个因素之一。这些模型的实用性体现在它们能够预测药物的体内肠道吸收。在各种渗透性模型中,测定方法的性能存在差异,同时动物物种、组织来源和细胞类型的变异性也导致同一药物在不同实验室的实验渗透性值存在差异。这导致了在实验室内部进行测定标准化的需求,以确保在药物开发过程中的适用性。方法适用性为实验室内部的渗透性模型提供了标准化和验证的通用方法。首先,优化和验证测定方法的各种实验参数以及测定的接受标准。其次,通过实验渗透性值与已知模型化合物的人体吸收程度之间的等级关系来证明模型的适用性。最后,使用标准化合物对试验药物的肠道渗透性进行分类,并确保测定的重现性和质量。本文将提供不同方面的方法适用性的实例,包括在体(肠灌注)、离体(外翻肠囊、扩散室)和体外(细胞单层、人工膜)实验渗透性模型。通过测定标准化、参考标准和接受标准,方法适用性确保了实验数据在发现、开发和监管应用中预测药物肠道渗透性的可靠性。
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