Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2011 Feb;22(2):223-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01887.x. Epub 2010 Aug 31.
The fact that some atrial and ventricular disorders (e.g., atrial fibrillation and heart failure) have a structural basis and cause atrial myocardial remodeling has led to increasing attention being paid to the atrial chambers. Furthermore, the rapid development of mapping and ablative procedures as a means of diagnosing and treating supraventricular arrhythmias has generated considerable interest in atrial gross anatomy, histology and ultrastructure. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the structure of the left and right atria (at macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural level) in relation to their function. In addition to analyzing normal atria, we also discuss functional anatomy in the case of atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
一些心房和心室疾病（例如心房颤动和心力衰竭）具有结构基础并导致心房心肌重构，这一事实引起了人们对心房的日益关注。此外，作为诊断和治疗室上性心律失常的一种手段，标测和消融技术的快速发展也使得人们对心房大体解剖、组织学和超微结构产生了浓厚的兴趣。本文的目的是提供一个关于左心房和右心房结构与其功能关系的全面概述（从宏观、组织学和超微结构水平）。除了分析正常心房外，我们还讨论了心房颤动和心力衰竭时的功能解剖。
