The response of dental pulp-derived cells to zoledronate depends on the experimental model.

AIM

To investigate whether zoledronate (ZOL) can cause a cytotoxic response in dental pulp-derived cells (DPCs) in vitro.

METHODOLOGY

Cell activity was assessed utilizing MTT tests, (3) [H]thymidine, and (3) [H]leucine incorporation assays in human DPCs in response to ZOL. Cell activity assays were also preformed on calcium phosphate-coated plates. Cell death was analysed with annexin V/propidium iodide, trypan blue staining and Western blot analysis.

RESULTS

Micromolar concentrations of ZOL were required to decrease the activity of DPCs. The decreased activity of DPCs was associated with the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis. No adverse effects were observed when DPCs were cultured on calcium phosphate-coated plates with ZOL.

CONCLUSION

High concentrations of soluble ZOL were required to cause adverse effects in vitro. These adverse effects are abolished when the bisphosphonate was bound to a mineralized surface. However, the clinical relevance of these results remains to be determined.