Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden 01307, Germany.
Cell. 2010 Sep 3;142(5):773-86. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.042.
Planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins form polarized cortical domains that govern polarity of external structures such as hairs and cilia in both vertebrate and invertebrate epithelia. The mechanisms that globally orient planar polarity are not understood, and are investigated here in the Drosophila wing using a combination of experiment and theory. Planar polarity arises during growth and PCP domains are initially oriented toward the well-characterized organizer regions that control growth and patterning. At pupal stages, the wing hinge contracts, subjecting wing-blade epithelial cells to anisotropic tension in the proximal-distal axis. This results in precise patterns of oriented cell elongation, cell rearrangement and cell division that elongate the blade proximo-distally and realign planar polarity with the proximal-distal axis. Mutation of the atypical Cadherin Dachsous perturbs the global polarity pattern by altering epithelial dynamics. This mechanism utilizes the cellular movements that sculpt tissues to align planar polarity with tissue shape.
平面细胞极性 (PCP) 蛋白形成极化的皮质域，控制脊椎动物和无脊椎动物上皮细胞中外在结构的极性，如毛发和纤毛。全局定向平面极性的机制尚不清楚，本研究在果蝇翅膀中结合实验和理论进行了研究。平面极性在生长过程中产生，PCP 域最初朝向控制生长和模式形成的特征明确的组织者区域。在蛹期，翅膀铰链收缩，使翅膀叶片上皮细胞在近端-远端轴上受到各向异性张力的作用。这导致了精确的定向细胞伸长、细胞重排和细胞分裂模式，使叶片向近端-远端伸长，并使平面极性与近端-远端轴重新对齐。非典型钙粘蛋白 Dachsous 的突变通过改变上皮细胞动力学扰乱了全局极性模式。这种机制利用塑造组织的细胞运动将平面极性与组织形状对齐。
