European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, TP 361, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Mineraria e delle Tecnologie Ambientali, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, TP 361, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Dec 15;184(1-3):42-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.07.118. Epub 2010 Aug 6.
Natural disasters can cause major accidents in chemical facilities where they can lead to the release of hazardous materials which in turn can result in fires, explosions or toxic dispersion. Lightning strikes are the most frequent cause of major accidents triggered by natural events. In order to contribute towards the development of a quantitative approach for assessing lightning risk at industrial facilities, lightning-triggered accident case histories were retrieved from the major industrial accident databases and analysed to extract information on types of vulnerable equipment, failure dynamics and damage states, as well as on the final consequences of the event. The most vulnerable category of equipment is storage tanks. Lightning damage is incurred by immediate ignition, electrical and electronic systems failure or structural damage with subsequent release. Toxic releases and tank fires tend to be the most common scenarios associated with lightning strikes. Oil, diesel and gasoline are the substances most frequently released during lightning-triggered Natech accidents.
自然灾害可能会在化工设施中引发重大事故，导致危险物质释放，从而可能导致火灾、爆炸或有毒物质扩散。雷击是由自然事件引发的重大事故的最常见原因。为了为评估工业设施雷击风险的定量方法的开发做出贡献，从主要工业事故数据库中检索了雷击事故案例，并进行了分析，以提取有关易损设备类型、故障动态和损坏状态以及事件最终后果的信息。最易受雷击影响的设备类别是储罐。雷击损坏是由直接点火、电气和电子系统故障或随后释放的结构损坏引起的。有毒物质释放和罐区火灾往往是与雷击相关的最常见情况。在雷击引发的 Natech 事故中，最常释放的物质是石油、柴油和汽油。
