Choi Kyung Won, Lee In-Sook
Department of Nursing, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010 Aug;40(4):589-98. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2010.40.4.589.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that increase of the risk for falls in low-income elders in urban areas.
The participants were elderly people registered in one of public health centers in one city. Data were collected by interviewing the elders, assessing their environmental risk factors, and surveying relevant secondary data from the public health center records. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 14.
Stroke, diabetes, visual deficits, frequency of dizziness, use of assistive devices and moderate depression were statistically significant risk factors. The comorbidity of chronic diseases with other factors including depression, visual deficit, dizziness, and use of assistive devices significantly increased the risk of falls. From multiple logistic regression analysis, statistically significant predictors of falls were found to be stroke, total environmental risk scores, comorbidity of diabetes with visual deficits, and with depression.
Fall prevention interventions should be multifactorial, especially for the elders with stroke or diabetes, who were identified in this study as the high risk group for falls. A fall risk assessment tool for low-income elders should include both the intrinsic factors like depression, dizziness, and use of assistive devices, and the extrinsic factors.
本研究旨在调查城市低收入老年人跌倒风险增加的因素。
参与者为在某一城市的一个公共卫生中心登记的老年人。通过访谈老年人、评估其环境危险因素以及查阅公共卫生中心记录中的相关二手数据来收集数据。数据分析使用SPSS 14版进行描述性统计和多元逻辑回归分析。
中风、糖尿病、视力缺陷、头晕频率、使用辅助装置和中度抑郁是具有统计学意义的危险因素。慢性病与包括抑郁、视力缺陷、头晕和使用辅助装置在内的其他因素合并存在，显著增加了跌倒风险。多元逻辑回归分析发现，具有统计学意义的跌倒预测因素为中风、环境总风险评分、糖尿病与视力缺陷合并存在以及与抑郁合并存在。
预防跌倒干预措施应是多因素的，尤其是对于本研究中被确定为跌倒高危人群的中风或糖尿病老年人。针对低收入老年人的跌倒风险评估工具应包括抑郁、头晕和使用辅助装置等内在因素以及外在因素。
