Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0648, USA.
Minerva Anestesiol. 2010 Sep;76(9):725-36. Epub 2010 Jun 28.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing health problems worldwide. In the US alone, an estimated 26 million people suffer from some form of CKD. In countries such as India and Pakistan, the prevalence of CKD is also rapidly rising. The presence of CKD is associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality, even when adjusted for other variables such as hypertension or diabetes. Frequently, CKD is under diagnosed, so patients and physicians are often unaware of the impaired renal function. Renal dysfunction as a predictor of perioperative outcomes is discussed together with therapeutic interventions aimed at the protection of renal function. Better interventions and diagnostic tools, such as cystatin C, are needed to further improve perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD.
终末期肾病（ESRD）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）是全球日益严重的健康问题。仅在美国，估计就有 2600 万人患有某种形式的 CKD。在印度和巴基斯坦等国，CKD 的患病率也在迅速上升。即使在调整了高血压或糖尿病等其他变量后，CKD 的存在仍与围手术期发病率和死亡率的增加相关。CKD 经常被漏诊，因此患者和医生通常不知道肾脏功能受损。本文讨论了肾功能障碍作为围手术期结局的预测因素，以及旨在保护肾功能的治疗干预措施。需要更好的干预和诊断工具，如胱抑素 C，以进一步降低 CKD 患者的围手术期发病率和死亡率。
