Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan.
Eye Contact Lens. 2010 Sep;36(5):286-9. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181eef01c.
Maintenance of the transparency and regular shape of the cornea are essential to the normal vision, whereas opacification of the tissue impairs vision. Fibrogenic reaction leading to scarring in an injured cornea is characterized by appearance of myofibroblasts, the key player of the fibrogenic reaction, and excess accumulation of fibrous extracellular matrix. Inflammatory/fibrogenic growth factors/cytokines produced by inflammatory cells play a pivotal role in fibrogenic response. Signaling systems involved in myofibroblast formation and fibrogenesis are activated by various growth factors, i.e., transforming growth factor beta or others. Modulation of transforming growth factor beta signal transduction molecules, e.g., Smad and mitogen-activated protein kinases, by gene transfer and other technology provides a new concept of prevention/treatment of unfavorable fibrogenesis in the cornea.
维持角膜的透明度和规则形状对于正常视力至关重要，而组织的混浊则会损害视力。受伤的角膜中的纤维生成反应导致瘢痕形成，其特征是出现肌成纤维细胞，这是纤维生成反应的关键参与者，以及纤维细胞外基质的过度积累。炎症/纤维生成生长因子/细胞因子由炎症细胞产生，在纤维生成反应中发挥关键作用。涉及肌成纤维细胞形成和纤维化的信号转导系统被各种生长因子激活，例如转化生长因子β或其他生长因子。通过基因转移和其他技术调节转化生长因子β信号转导分子，例如 Smad 和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶，为角膜中不利的纤维生成的预防/治疗提供了新概念。
