Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-city, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
J R Soc Interface. 2011 Mar 6;8(56):305-11. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0419. Epub 2010 Sep 8.
Stress fibres and associated focal adhesions in cells constitute a contractile apparatus that regulates cell motility and contraction. Rho-kinase, an effector molecule of small GTPases, regulates non-muscle cell motility and contractility. Rho-kinase mediates the contraction of stress fibres in a Ca(2+)-independent manner, and is responsible for slower and more finely tuned contraction of stress fibres than that regulated by myosin light chain kinase activity in living cells. The specific inhibition of the Rho-kinase activity causes cells to not only lose their stress fibres and focal adhesions, but also to appear to lose their cytoplasmic tension. Activated Rho-kinase is also involved in the organization of newly formed stress fibres and focal adhesions in living cells.
细胞中的应力纤维和相关的黏着斑构成了一个收缩装置，调节细胞的运动和收缩。Rho 激酶是小 GTP 酶的效应分子，调节非肌肉细胞的运动和收缩性。Rho 激酶通过一种不依赖于 Ca(2+)的方式介导应力纤维的收缩，并且负责比肌球蛋白轻链激酶活性调节的应力纤维的收缩更慢且更精细的调节。Rho 激酶活性的特异性抑制不仅导致细胞失去应力纤维和黏着斑，而且似乎使细胞失去细胞质张力。激活的 Rho 激酶还参与活细胞中新形成的应力纤维和黏着斑的组织。
