Geiger Benjamin, Spatz Joachim P, Bershadsky Alexander D
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Jan;10(1):21-33. doi: 10.1038/nrm2593.
Recent progress in the design and application of artificial cellular microenvironments and nanoenvironments has revealed the extraordinary ability of cells to adjust their cytoskeletal organization, and hence their shape and motility, to minute changes in their immediate surroundings. Integrin-based adhesion complexes, which are tightly associated with the actin cytoskeleton, comprise the cellular machinery that recognizes not only the biochemical diversity of the extracellular neighbourhood, but also its physical and topographical characteristics, such as pliability, dimensionality and ligand spacing. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of such environmental sensing, based on the finely tuned crosstalk between the assembly of one type of integrin-based adhesion complex, namely focal adhesions, and the forces that are at work in the associated cytoskeletal network owing to actin polymerization and actomyosin contraction.
人工细胞微环境和纳米环境的设计与应用方面的最新进展表明，细胞具有非凡的能力，能够根据其紧邻环境中的微小变化来调整细胞骨架组织，进而改变其形状和运动性。基于整合素的黏附复合体与肌动蛋白细胞骨架紧密相连，构成了细胞识别机制，该机制不仅能识别细胞外邻域的生化多样性，还能识别其物理和拓扑特征，如柔韧性、维度和配体间距。在此，我们基于一种基于整合素的黏附复合体（即黏着斑）的组装与由于肌动蛋白聚合和肌动球蛋白收缩而在相关细胞骨架网络中起作用的力之间的精细相互作用，来讨论这种环境感知的机制。
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