Stevenson A J, Gray M B, Bachor H A, McClelland D E
Appl Opt. 1993 Jul 1;32(19):3481-93. doi: 10.1364/AO.32.003481.
Two schemes for interferometric optical phase measurement, with sensitivity limited only by quantum noise in the light, are analyzed. Direct detection is applicable to signals at modulation frequencies away from the technical noise of the light, so that quantum noise dominates the measurement. Alternatively signals otherwise obscured by classical optical noise may be recovered with a phase-modulation technique that shifts the signals to a quantum-noise-limited region of the photocurrent spectrum. The analysis is tested experimentally by using a polarimetric electric-field sensor. In the direct-detection scheme quantum-noise-limited performance produced a phase sensitivity of 0.25 µrad. The indirect scheme allowed subkilohertz signals to be extracted from classical noise 67 dB greater with sensitivity approaching the quantum noise limit.
分析了两种干涉式光学相位测量方案，其灵敏度仅受光中的量子噪声限制。直接检测适用于调制频率远离光的技术噪声的信号，因此量子噪声主导测量。或者，可以使用相位调制技术恢复被经典光学噪声掩盖的信号，该技术将信号转移到光电流谱的量子噪声限制区域。通过使用偏振电场传感器对该分析进行了实验测试。在直接检测方案中，量子噪声限制性能产生了0.25微弧度的相位灵敏度。间接方案允许从比其大67分贝的经典噪声中提取亚千赫兹信号，其灵敏度接近量子噪声极限。
