Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Oct;126(4):791-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.07.022. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
Most infants developing atopic dermatitis have a low risk for atopy. Primary prevention of atopic dermatitis is difficult.
To assess the effect of supplementation of an infant and follow-on formula with prebiotic and immunoactive oligosaccharides on the occurrence of atopic dermatitis in the first year of life.
Healthy term infants from 5 European countries with low atopy risk were recruited before the age of 8 weeks, either having started with formula feeding or being on full breast-feeding (breast-feeding group). Formula-fed infants were randomized to feeding with a regular formula containing a specific mixture of neutral oligosaccharides and pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides (prebiotic formula group) or regular formula without oligosaccharides (control formula group).
A total of 414 infants were randomized to the prebiotic group and 416 infants to the control group. A total of 300 infants were followed in the breast-feeding group. Up to the first birthday, atopic dermatitis occurred in significantly fewer infants from the prebiotic group (5.7%) than from the control group (9.7%; P = .04). The cumulative incidence of atopic dermatitis in the prebiotic group was in the low range of the breast-feeding group (7.3%). In a Cox regression model, the rate of atopic dermatitis was significantly lower by 44% in the prebiotic group versus the control group (P = .04). The number needed to prevent 1 case of atopic dermatitis by supplementation of prebiotics was 25 infants.
Formula supplementation with a specific mixture of oligosaccharides was effective as primary prevention of atopic dermatitis in low atopy risk infants.
大多数患有特应性皮炎的婴儿发生特应性的风险较低。特应性皮炎的一级预防较为困难。
评估在生命的第一年中，使用含益生元和免疫活性低聚糖的婴儿配方和后续配方对特应性皮炎发生的影响。
从 5 个欧洲国家招募低特应性风险的健康足月婴儿，他们在 8 周龄前开始接受配方奶喂养或全母乳喂养（母乳喂养组）。配方奶喂养的婴儿被随机分配至食用含特定中性低聚糖和果胶衍生酸性低聚糖混合物的常规配方（益生元配方组）或不含低聚糖的常规配方（对照配方组）。
共有 414 名婴儿被随机分配至益生元组，416 名婴儿被随机分配至对照组。母乳喂养组有 300 名婴儿得到随访。在 1 岁生日前，益生元组发生特应性皮炎的婴儿明显少于对照组（5.7%比 9.7%；P=0.04）。益生元组的特应性皮炎累积发病率处于母乳喂养组的低范围（7.3%）。在 Cox 回归模型中，益生元组的特应性皮炎发生率比对照组显著降低 44%（P=0.04）。通过补充益生元预防 1 例特应性皮炎需要预防 25 例婴儿。
对于低特应性风险婴儿，使用特定低聚糖混合物进行配方奶补充是特应性皮炎一级预防的有效方法。
