Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2011 Jan;43(1):25-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.09.001. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
The CD48 molecule is a glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI)-anchored cell-surface protein of the CD2 family of molecules. Originally described on virally-induced B cells, CD48 has been found on various hematopoietic cells, and its expression is regulated by viral and bacterial products and immune-associated proteins. CD48 binds CD2 and other molecules, yet its high-affinity ligand in both mouse and human systems is 2B4. Despite its lack of an intracellular domain, stimulation of CD48 induces rearrangement of signaling factors in lipid rafts, Lck-kinase activity, and tyrosine phosphorylation. As an adhesion and co-stimulatory molecule, CD48 induces numerous effects in B and T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. Some of these depend upon cell-cell interactions via 2B4-CD48 binding. The structural and phenotypic characteristics of CD48, and its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes, are reviewed herein. Possible CD48-based applications for immune-impaired and inflammatory disorders are discussed as well.
CD48 分子是 CD2 家族糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）锚定的细胞表面蛋白。最初在病毒诱导的 B 细胞上描述，CD48 已在各种造血细胞上发现，其表达受病毒和细菌产物以及免疫相关蛋白的调节。CD48 结合 CD2 和其他分子，但其在小鼠和人类系统中的高亲和力配体是 2B4。尽管缺乏细胞内结构域，但 CD48 的刺激会诱导信号因子在脂筏中的重排、Lck 激酶活性和酪氨酸磷酸化。作为一种黏附和共刺激分子，CD48 诱导 B 和 T 淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞、肥大细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞产生多种效应。其中一些依赖于通过 2B4-CD48 结合的细胞-细胞相互作用。本文综述了 CD48 的结构和表型特征及其在生理和病理生理过程中的作用。还讨论了基于 CD48 的免疫受损和炎症性疾病的可能应用。
