Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2010 Nov;7(11):616-21. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2010.510107.
Personal noise exposure samples were collected from five workers at a large-sized college football stadium and five workers at a medium-sized college football stadium in northern Colorado during three home football games, for a total of 30 personal noise exposures. In addition, personal noise exposure samples were collected from five fans at a National Football League (NFL) stadium, and from two fans at each of the college stadiums during three home football games, for a total of 27 personal noise exposure samples. None of the workers' noise doses were above the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit of 90 dBA. However, 11 of 28 (39%) workers' noise doses exceeded the OSHA action level of 85 dBA that would require enrollment in a hearing conservation program. Following ACGIH® recommendations for noise exposure limits, 27 of 28 (96%) workers would be considered overexposed. In addition, 24 of 25 fans (96%) were also overexposed according to ACGIH and World Health Organization recommendations. At the 95% confidence level, workers' and fans' noise exposures were not significantly different between the three stadiums. However, there was significant noise level variability between the games in each individual stadium (e.g., 82 dbA vs. 87 dbA mean worker OSHA noise exposure for two games at the large-sized college stadium, p=0.001). Given the personal sampling results for the stadium workers, the investigators believe that stadium management at these two universities should implement a hearing conservation program and provide hearing protection. Management should include a warning of possible loud-noise exposure during any sporting events held at the stadiums in fan guides, pamphlets, websites, or other appropriate communication tools. This information should include the health effects of loud noise exposure, namely, noise-induced hearing loss, the information should also be specifically targeted to parents of young children, including a strong recommendation that hearing protection be worn by all children during the sporting event.
从科罗拉多州北部的一个大型大学橄榄球场和一个中型大学橄榄球场的五名工人以及五个 NFL 体育场的球迷，以及三个主场橄榄球赛期间每个大学体育场的两名球迷处采集了个人噪声暴露样本，共采集了 30 份个人噪声暴露样本。 没有工人的噪声剂量超过职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）允许的 90 dBA 暴露限值。 但是，28 名工人中有 11 名（39％）的噪声剂量超过了要求参加听力保护计划的 OSHA 行动水平 85 dBA。 根据 ACGIH®噪声暴露限值建议，28 名工人中有 27 名（96％）被认为暴露过度。 此外，根据 ACGIH 和世界卫生组织的建议，25 名球迷中有 24 名（96％）也被认为暴露过度。 在 95％置信水平下，三个体育场的工人和球迷的噪声暴露没有显着差异。 但是，每个体育场的比赛之间噪声水平变化很大（例如，大型大学体育场的两场比赛中工人的 OSHA 噪声暴露平均值为 82 dB，而 87 dB，p = 0.001）。 鉴于体育场工人的个人抽样结果，调查人员认为这两所大学的体育场管理人员应实施听力保护计划并提供听力保护。 管理应包括在球迷指南、小册子、网站或其他适当的沟通工具中警告在体育场举行的任何体育赛事中可能会出现大声噪声。 该信息应包括大声噪声暴露的健康影响，即噪声性听力损失，信息也应专门针对幼儿的父母，包括强烈建议所有儿童在体育赛事中佩戴听力保护器。
