Miyata Hiromitsu, Fujita Kazuo
Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University.
J Comp Psychol. 2010 Nov;124(4):433-46. doi: 10.1037/a0019931.
Navigation tasks using the "traveling salesperson problem (TSP)" were presented to pigeons (Columba livia) to determine their strategy on spatial tasks with 2 to 3 goals. In Experiment 1, a simple TSP task with 2 goals was presented. In Experiment 2, 3 goals were presented so that each of the goals and the starting location of the target held each corner of a square. In Experiment 3, 3 goals were aligned along a straight line. In Experiment 4, 3 goals were placed so that the 2 of them were in close proximity to each other to form a group. In all of these experiments, the pigeons showed tendencies to visit the nearest goal first, which may suggest that the pigeons mainly used local or inflexible strategies in determining the routes to take. However, further evidence was also found that in Experiment 2, the pigeons frequently selected routes with short traveling distances while traveling either counterclockwise or clockwise, not necessarily relying on the "nearest neighbor" algorithm. Results from these experiments are discussed in relation to the pigeons' foraging ecology and adaptation.
利用“旅行商问题（TSP）”向鸽子（家鸽）呈现导航任务，以确定它们在具有2至3个目标的空间任务中的策略。在实验1中，呈现了一个具有2个目标的简单TSP任务。在实验2中，呈现了3个目标，使每个目标和目标的起始位置占据正方形的每个角。在实验3中，3个目标沿一条直线排列。在实验4中，放置了3个目标，使其中2个彼此靠近形成一组。在所有这些实验中，鸽子都表现出先访问最近目标的倾向，这可能表明鸽子在确定路线时主要使用局部或不灵活的策略。然而，还发现了进一步的证据，即在实验2中，鸽子在逆时针或顺时针飞行时经常选择行进距离短的路线，不一定依赖于“最近邻”算法。结合鸽子的觅食生态和适应性对这些实验的结果进行了讨论。
