Rebollar-Téllez Eduardo A, Reyes-Villanueva Filiberto, Escobedo-Ortegón Javier, Balam-Briceño Paola, May-Concha Irving
Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México.
J Vector Ecol. 2009 Dec;34(2):304-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2009.00038.x.
Triatoma dimidiata is the vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Yucatan Peninsula (YP). Earlier studies have shown that domestic and peri-domestic populations of the vector originated from the sylvan stock and that effectiveness of insecticide-spraying was affected by re-infestations of houses from the sylvan T. dimidiata population. In addition, in the YP most previously published reports have focused on domestic and peri-domestic populations and very little is known about the nocturnal behavior of the sylvan populations. The main aim of our study was to determine the nightly activity patterns of adult T. dimidiata in a selected location in the YP. Secondly, we sought to document the reproductive status and infection rate of active females. During eight sampling nights spaced from late March to late July, 2007, we collected 544 adult T. dimidiata. We found that square-cloth illuminated white traps were effective to attract the sylvan individuals and that T. dimidiata adults exhibited a unimodal activity pattern throughout the night. The accumulated mean of captured bugs also showed a non-linear distribution for females and males. Furthermore, we found that male and female catches were significantly correlated with the means of temperature and humidity recorded during the sampling period. Out of 46 dissected females, we observed that 43.5% of females had fully-formed eggs in their abdomens, and only two females (4.4%) had sperm within the spermatheca. The infection rate of T. dimidiata harboring T. cruzi was found to be 3.7%. The implications of the light attraction to bugs and potential dispersal capabilities are discussed in the paper in the context of infestation/re-infestation of rural houses by sylvan T. dimidiata flying adults.
二点锥猎蝽是尤卡坦半岛（YP）克氏锥虫的传播媒介。早期研究表明，该传播媒介的家养和家周围种群起源于野生种群，且房屋喷洒杀虫剂的效果受到来自野生二点锥猎蝽种群再次侵扰房屋的影响。此外，在尤卡坦半岛，此前大多数已发表的报告都集中在家养和家周围种群，而对野生种群的夜间行为知之甚少。我们研究的主要目的是确定尤卡坦半岛选定地点成年二点锥猎蝽的夜间活动模式。其次，我们试图记录活跃雌虫的生殖状况和感染率。在2007年3月下旬至7月下旬的八个采样夜晚，我们收集了544只成年二点锥猎蝽。我们发现方形白布照明诱捕器能有效吸引野生个体，且二点锥猎蝽成虫在整个夜间呈现单峰活动模式。捕获臭虫的累积均值对雌虫和雄虫也显示出非线性分布。此外，我们发现雌雄捕获量与采样期间记录的温度和湿度均值显著相关。在解剖的46只雌虫中，我们观察到43.5%的雌虫腹部有完全成熟的卵，只有两只雌虫（4.4%）受精囊中含有精子。携带克氏锥虫的二点锥猎蝽的感染率为3.7%。本文结合野生二点锥猎蝽飞行成虫对农村房屋的侵扰/再次侵扰情况，讨论了灯光对臭虫的吸引力及潜在扩散能力的影响。
