Conneely Orla M
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2010(198):37-44. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-02062-9_3.
The steroid hormone, progesterone, plays a critical role in the regulation of female ovulation. The physiological effects of progesterone are mediated by two nuclear receptor transcription factors, PR-A and PR-B, which are produced from a single gene and upon binding progesterone regulate the expression of specific gene networks in reproductive tissues. Both null mutation of the PR gene to delete both receptor proteins and selective disruption of the PR-A isoform lead to a failure of ovulation due to disabled follicular rupture in response to gonadotrophin stimulation. Recent studies have revealed that the LH stimulus that triggers ovulation is transduced by PRs residing in mural granulosa cells that induce expression of paracrine signals that interact with cumulus cells to control cumulus matrix function and expansion to facilitate follicular rupture.
类固醇激素孕酮在女性排卵调节中起着关键作用。孕酮的生理作用由两种核受体转录因子PR-A和PR-B介导，它们由单个基因产生，在与孕酮结合后调节生殖组织中特定基因网络的表达。PR基因的无效突变以删除两种受体蛋白以及PR-A亚型的选择性破坏都会导致排卵失败，这是由于对促性腺激素刺激的卵泡破裂功能受损所致。最近的研究表明，触发排卵的促黄体生成素刺激是由壁颗粒细胞中的PRs转导的，这些PRs诱导旁分泌信号的表达，这些旁分泌信号与卵丘细胞相互作用以控制卵丘基质功能和扩张，从而促进卵泡破裂。
