Kardynał Agnieszka, Rudnicka Lidia
Centralny Szpital Kliniczny Ministerstwa Spraw Wewnetrznych i Administracji w Warszawie, Klinika Dermatologii.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2010 Aug;29(170):131-4.
Rituximab is a chimeric human-mouse monoclonal antibody, which binds to the CD20 antigen on B lymphocytes and causes depletion of CD20+ cells in the mechanism of complement-dependent and independent cytolysis, cell cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent mechanism and apoptosis. Rituximab is currently registered for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab also demonstrated efficacy in a number of other autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus rituximab decreases the number of autoreactive VH4.34 B cells, what contributes to sustaining B cell homeostasis and immune tolerance. A decrease in levels of circulating anti-dsDNA antibodies and an increase of C3 concentration is observed parallel to clinical improvement. Diagnostic procedures performed before initiation of rituximab therapy and during treatment include basic laboratory tests as well as exclusion of heart insufficiency and infections.
利妥昔单抗是一种嵌合型人鼠单克隆抗体，它与B淋巴细胞上的CD20抗原结合，并通过补体依赖和非依赖的细胞溶解、细胞毒性和抗体依赖机制以及细胞凋亡，导致CD20+细胞耗竭。利妥昔单抗目前已获批用于治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤、慢性淋巴细胞白血病和类风湿关节炎。利妥昔单抗在包括系统性红斑狼疮在内的许多其他自身免疫性疾病中也显示出疗效。在系统性红斑狼疮患者中，利妥昔单抗可减少自身反应性VH4.34 B细胞的数量，这有助于维持B细胞稳态和免疫耐受。与临床改善同时观察到循环抗双链DNA抗体水平降低和C3浓度升高。在开始利妥昔单抗治疗前和治疗期间进行的诊断程序包括基本实验室检查以及排除心脏功能不全和感染。
