Nikolić Slobodan, Zivković Magdalena, Zivković Vladimir, Juković Fehim
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2010 Jul-Aug;138(7-8):467-72. doi: 10.2298/sarh1008467n.
The body cooling process goes through few clinical phases. These are followed by some morphological thanatological changes such as frost erythema and Wischnewsky's spots, which are used in diagnosis of death due to hypothermia. In such cases there is no any specific autopsy finding.
To establish the frequency of hypothermia as the cause of death for a ten-year-period, and to analyze the sample according to gender and age, risk factors and autopsy findings of subjects.
A retrospective autopsy study was performed for a ten-year-period (total of 12,765 forensic autopsies). The relevant data were collected from autopsy records, police reports and heteroanamnestic interviews. The sample was analyzed according to gender, age, scene of death, blood alcohol concentration, risk factors, and autopsy findings of all observed subjects.
The sample included 67 subjects, 42 males and 25 females (chi2 = 4.31; p < 0.05), of average age 63.9 +/- 14.7 years (min=27, max=92; med=65, mod=55). Nineteen of subjects were found at in-door places. In 13 subjects blood alcohol concentration ranged from 0.50 to 3.32 promille (average 1.81 +/- 0.93). The younger the observed subject was, the higher the blood alcohol concentration (p = -0.251; p = 0.04). One third of the observed subjects were chronic alcohol abusers. Thirteen persons had psychiatric diseases. In 43 observed subjects the concomitant appearance of frost erythema and Wischniewsky's spots were established (chi2 = 49.59; df = 3; p < 0.001).
In the analyzed ten-year period hypothermia was not often the cause of death; it was disclosed only in 0.5% of the total number of the studied autopsies. The most of the deceased were older males with cardiovascular problems found in unprotected open-air places. The most frequent thanatological findings in the analyzed subjects were frost erythema and Wischnewsky's spots.
身体降温过程会经历几个临床阶段。随后会出现一些形态学上的死后变化，如冻伤性红斑和维什涅夫斯基斑，这些变化用于诊断低温致死。在这种情况下，没有任何特定的尸检发现。
确定十年期间低温作为死亡原因的频率，并根据性别、年龄、风险因素和受试者的尸检结果对样本进行分析。
进行了一项为期十年的回顾性尸检研究（共12765例法医尸检）。相关数据从尸检记录、警方报告和异源性回忆访谈中收集。根据所有观察对象的性别、年龄、死亡地点、血液酒精浓度、风险因素和尸检结果对样本进行分析。
样本包括67名受试者，42名男性和25名女性（卡方值=4.31；p<0.05），平均年龄63.9±14.7岁（最小=27，最大=92；中位数=65，众数=55）。19名受试者在室内被发现。13名受试者的血液酒精浓度在0.50至3.32‰之间（平均1.81±0.93）。观察对象越年轻，血液酒精浓度越高（p=-0.251；p=0.04）。三分之一的观察对象是慢性酒精滥用者。13人患有精神疾病。在43名观察对象中确定同时出现了冻伤性红斑和维什涅夫斯基斑（卡方值=49.59；自由度=3；p<0.001）。
在分析的十年期间，低温并不常是死亡原因；仅在研究的尸检总数的0.5%中被发现。大多数死者是年龄较大的男性，在无保护的露天场所被发现有心血管问题。分析对象中最常见的死后发现是冻伤性红斑和维什涅夫斯基斑。
