May Stephen A, Head Stanley D
Royal Veterinary College, Herts, UK.
J Vet Med Educ. 2010 Fall;37(3):258-65. doi: 10.3138/jvme.37.3.258.
Assessment is an important aspect of veterinary education from the point of view of setting standards, driving learning, providing feedback, and reassuring society that veterinarians are competent to assume the responsibilities entrusted to them. However, no single format exists that can, by itself, assess the complex mixture of knowledge and skills essential to the veterinarian's role. The areas that are most challenging to assess are those involving behaviors and attitudes. These include the various technical skills required for diagnosis and treatment. One approach, aimed at retaining validity but improving reliability compared with traditional, more subjective methods, first described in medicine 35 years ago, is the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), which has been introduced into veterinary education as the Objective Structured Practical Veterinary Examination (OSPVE) and run at the Royal Veterinary College since 2004. This approach is good for the assessment of competence in relation to isolated techniques and whole procedures but has been criticized for the way in which these are tested out of context. However, further development of structured clinical assessments, such as the mini-Clinical Examination and the Direct Observation of Procedural Skills, may help address some of these limitations, and the use of multi-source feedback, particularly client feedback, may allow the further domains of professional behaviors, attitudes, and communication to be judged and developed.
从设定标准、推动学习、提供反馈以及向社会保证兽医有能力承担赋予他们的责任的角度来看，评估是兽医教育的一个重要方面。然而，不存在单一的形式能够独自评估兽医角色所必需的知识和技能的复杂组合。最难评估的领域是那些涉及行为和态度的领域。这些包括诊断和治疗所需的各种技术技能。一种方法是客观结构化临床考试（OSCE），35年前首次在医学领域被描述，旨在保持有效性但与传统的、更主观的方法相比提高可靠性，该方法已作为客观结构化实践兽医考试（OSPVE）引入兽医教育，并自2004年起在皇家兽医学院开展。这种方法有利于评估与孤立技术和整个程序相关的能力，但因其脱离实际情况测试这些内容的方式而受到批评。然而，结构化临床评估的进一步发展，如迷你临床考试和程序技能直接观察，可能有助于解决其中一些局限性，并且使用多源反馈，特别是客户反馈，可能使专业行为、态度和沟通的更多领域得到评判和发展。
