Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Feb;19(2):245-54. doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.196. Epub 2010 Sep 16.
This study aimed at investigating whether the weight loss due to energy-restricted high-fat diets is accompanied with parallel improvements in metabolic markers and adipose tissue inflammation. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were given free access to a low-fat (LF) or a high-fat (45% of energy from fat-HF) diet for 6 months. Restricting intake of the HF diet by 30% (HFR) during the last 2 months of the HF feeding trial decreased fasting plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)), and plasma triglyceride levels and improved hepatic steatosis compared to ad libitum HF feeding, indicating an improved metabolic profile. Further, analysis of gonadal white adipose tissue (GWAT) gene expression by microarray and quantitative PCR analyses demonstrated that HFR downregulated expression of genes linked to cell and focal adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation pathway. However, HFR had no effect on circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and nonesterified fatty acid levels, which were persistently higher in both HF and HFR groups compared to the LF group. Furthermore, HFR had a negative effect on plasma total adiponectin level. Finally, while HFR decreased GWAT monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and PAI-1 levels, it did not affect several other cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10. In summary, energy-restricted high-fat diets improve insulin sensitivity, while only partially improving markers of systemic and adipose tissue inflammation. In conclusion, our study supports the recommended low-fat intake for overall cardiovascular health.
本研究旨在探讨能量限制高脂饮食引起的体重减轻是否伴随着代谢标志物和脂肪组织炎症的平行改善。8 周龄 C57BL/6J 小鼠自由摄入低脂（LF）或高脂（脂肪能量的 45% - HF）饮食 6 个月。在 HF 喂养试验的最后 2 个月将 HF 饮食摄入量限制 30%（HFR）可降低空腹血浆胰岛素、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA(IR)）和血浆甘油三酯水平，并改善肝脂肪变性，与自由进食 HF 相比，表明代谢谱得到改善。此外，通过微阵列和定量 PCR 分析对生殖腺白色脂肪组织（GWAT）的基因表达进行分析表明，HFR 下调了与细胞和焦点粘连、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用以及内质网（ER）相关降解途径相关的基因的表达。然而，HFR 对循环纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）和非酯化脂肪酸水平没有影响，HF 和 HFR 组的这两种水平均持续高于 LF 组。此外，HFR 对血浆总脂联素水平有负面影响。最后，虽然 HFR 降低了 GWAT 单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、白细胞介素-2（IL-2）和 PAI-1 水平，但它并没有影响其他几种细胞因子，包括粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6 和白细胞介素-10。总之，能量限制高脂饮食可改善胰岛素敏感性，而仅部分改善全身和脂肪组织炎症标志物。总之，我们的研究支持推荐的低脂肪摄入量以促进整体心血管健康。
