Wang Y, Chen H-J, Shaikh S, Mathur P
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Obes Rev. 2009 Jul;10(4):456-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00568.x. Epub 2009 Mar 6.
This study aimed to examine the prevalence and trends of overweight, obesity and undernutrition in recent decades in India. Based on a systematic literature search on PubMed and other data sources, most published studies were regional or local surveys in urban areas, while good representative data from the India National Family Health Surveys (NFHS, 1992-1993, 1998-1999 and 2005-2006) allowed for examining the trends at the national level. Overall, the available data showed that in India, prevalence of overweight was low while that of undernutrition remained high. Overweight was more prevalent among female, urban and high-socioeconomic-status (SES) groups. NFHS data showed that the prevalence of overweight in women and pre-school children did not increase much in the last decade: 10.6% and 1.6% in 1998-1999 to 12.6% and 1.5% in 2005-2006 respectively. As for underweight, NFHS 2005-2006 showed high prevalence among ever-married women (about 35%) and pre-school children (about 42%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity had increased slightly over the past decade in India, but in some urban and high-SES groups it reached a relatively high level. Factors associated with undernutrition need closer examination, and prevention of obesity should be targeted at the high-risk groups simultaneously.
本研究旨在调查近几十年来印度超重、肥胖及营养不足的患病率和趋势。基于对PubMed及其他数据源的系统文献检索，大多数已发表的研究是城市地区的区域或局部调查，而来自印度全国家庭健康调查（NFHS，1992 - 1993年、1998 - 1999年和2005 - 2006年）的良好代表性数据有助于考察全国层面的趋势。总体而言，现有数据表明，在印度，超重患病率较低，而营养不足患病率仍然较高。超重现象在女性、城市居民和高社会经济地位（SES）群体中更为普遍。NFHS数据显示，在过去十年中，女性和学龄前儿童的超重患病率增幅不大：分别从1998 - 1999年的10.6%和1.6%增至2005 - 2006年的12.6%和1.5%。至于体重过轻，NFHS 2005 - 2006显示，在已婚女性（约35%）和学龄前儿童（约42%）中患病率较高。过去十年中，印度超重和肥胖患病率略有上升，但在一些城市和高SES群体中已达到相对较高水平。与营养不足相关的因素需要更深入研究，同时预防肥胖应针对高危群体。
