Boswell Kim, Kwong Winghan Jacqueline, Kavanagh Shane
Xcenda, Palm Harbor, Florida, USA.
J Opioid Manag. 2010 Jul-Aug;6(4):269-89. doi: 10.5055/jom.2010.0025.
Opioid analgesia is the mainstay of treatment for moderate to severe acute and chronic pain and is highly effective in relieving pain but can be limited by side effects, the most common of which affect the gastrointestinal (GI) and central nervous systems. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that opioid-associated GI side effects constitute an important health problem with significant humanistic and economic consequences that warrant consideration by healthcare professionals and administrators in optimizing patients' pain management. This article documents the frequency of opioid-associated GI side effects and describes its clinical and economic burdens based on a systematic review of the medical literature between 1966 and 2008.
阿片类镇痛药是治疗中度至重度急慢性疼痛的主要手段，在缓解疼痛方面非常有效，但可能会受到副作用的限制，其中最常见的副作用影响胃肠道（GI）和中枢神经系统。越来越多的证据表明，阿片类药物相关的胃肠道副作用构成了一个重要的健康问题，具有重大的人文和经济后果，值得医疗保健专业人员和管理人员在优化患者疼痛管理时予以考虑。本文基于对1966年至2008年间医学文献的系统综述，记录了阿片类药物相关胃肠道副作用的发生率，并描述了其临床和经济负担。
