Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Jul 2;105(1):015702. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.015702. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
We discuss an open driven-dissipative many-body system, in which the competition of unitary Hamiltonian and dissipative Liouvillian dynamics leads to a nonequilibrium phase transition. It shares features of a quantum phase transition in that it is interaction driven, and of a classical phase transition, in that the ordered phase is continuously connected to a thermal state. We characterize the phase diagram and the critical behavior at the phase transition approached as a function of time. We find a novel fluctuation induced dynamical instability, which occurs at long wavelength as a consequence of a subtle dissipative renormalization effect on the speed of sound.
我们讨论了一个开放的驱动耗散多体系统，其中幺正哈密顿量和耗散刘维尔动力学的竞争导致了非平衡相变。它具有量子相变的特点，即由相互作用驱动，同时也具有经典相变的特点，即有序相与热态连续相连。我们描述了作为时间函数的相图和相变处的临界行为。我们发现了一种新的由涨落引起的动力学不稳定性，它在长波长下发生，是由于对声速的微妙耗散重整化效应。
