Guo Li-Ping, Ji Lan-Zhu, Zhang Wei-Dong, Zhang Yue, Xue Jun-Gang
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2010 Jun;21(6):1381-8.
Based on the field investigation in windfall areas of Changbai Mountains, this paper studied the community recovery characteristics of broad-leaved Korean pine forest (BKPF), spruce fir forest (SFF), and Erman's birch forest (EBF) that were disturbed by wind disaster 23 years ago. The recovery rate of these three forest types was in the order of BKPF > SFF > EBF, and their total community index was 0.49, 0.44, and 0.33, respectively. The effects of the wind disaster on the forest tree species composition and diversity were different. In BKPF, the total number of trees increased significantly, but the tree species number and alpha diversity index had no significant change; in SFF, only the Shannon diversity index and Simpson dominance index decreased significantly; while in EBF, all diversity indices except Pielou evenness index had significant decrease. The responses of dominance tree composition and regeneration to the wind disaster depended on forest types. Comparing with the plots not suffered from wind disaster, the BKPF under wind disaster disturbance had greatly different dominance tree compositions, but the difference in both SFF and EBF was not significant. The BKPF's sapling regeneration was fairly good, while the SFF's was small, and EBF almost had no sapling regeneration. All the results suggested that the effects of wind disaster disturbance on the test forest ecosystems in study areas was not removed even after 23 years, and the recovery of forest after wind disaster disturbance needs a relatively long time.
基于对长白山风倒区的实地调查，本文研究了23年前遭受风灾干扰的阔叶红松林（BKPF）、云冷杉林（SFF）和岳桦林（EBF）的群落恢复特征。这三种森林类型的恢复率顺序为BKPF＞SFF＞EBF，其总群落指数分别为0.49、0.44和0.33。风灾对森林树种组成和多样性的影响各不相同。在阔叶红松林中，树木总数显著增加，但树种数量和α多样性指数无显著变化；在云冷杉林中，仅香农多样性指数和辛普森优势度指数显著下降；而在岳桦林中，除皮洛均匀度指数外，所有多样性指数均显著下降。优势树种组成和更新对风灾的响应取决于森林类型。与未受风灾影响的样地相比，遭受风灾干扰的阔叶红松林优势树种组成差异很大，但云冷杉林和岳桦林的差异不显著。阔叶红松林的幼树更新较好，云冷杉林的幼树更新较少，岳桦林几乎没有幼树更新。所有结果表明，风灾干扰对研究区域试验森林生态系统的影响即使在23年后仍未消除，风灾干扰后森林的恢复需要较长时间。
